An improved approach on ball bearing characteristic frequencies

Abstract

Bearing Characteristic Frequencies (BCF) are crucial for diagnosing faults in rotary systems, as they depend on the number of balls, bearing geometry, and shaft speed. However, divergences often arise between theoretical and actual BCF values due to additional influencing factors. This paper addresses these divergences by incorporating two key factors into the BCF equation. First, the speed variation among the shaft, inner race, outer race, and rolling elements is considered, as fault conditions can alter these speeds. Second, the fit factor, representing the impact of bearing mounting and component fits, is introduced to account for variations in BCF. The initial section of the paper reviews existing BCF equations proposed by various researchers, while the latter part presents modified equations that integrate these additional factors, offering a more accurate range of BCF values.