Abstract
Angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis, the growth of new vessels from preexisting ones, have received increasing interest due to their role in tumor growth and metastatic spread. However, vascular remodeling, associated with vascular hyperpermeability, is also a key feature of many chronic inflammatory diseases including asthma, atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, and rheumatoid arthritis. The major drivers of angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis are vascular endothelial growth factor- (VEGF-)A and VEGF-C, activating specific VEGF receptors on the lymphatic and blood vascular endothelium. Recent experimental studies found potent anti-inflammatory responses after targeted inhibition of activated blood vessels in models of chronic inflammatory diseases. Importantly, our recent results indicate that specific activation of lymphatic vessels reduces both acute and chronic skin inflammation. Thus, antiangiogenic and prolymphangiogenic therapies might represent a new approach to treat chronic inflammatory disorders, including those due to chronic allergic inflammation.
Highlights
According to the World Allergy Organization, allergic disorders affect 30–40% of the world’s population, and the prevalence is escalating to epidemic proportions
In ammation in general is the response of tissues to harmful stimuli such as infectious agents, antigens, or physical and chemical damage. esides the increased in ammatory cell in ltration into the in amed tissue, it has become clear in the recent years that acute and chronic in ammatory processes are associated with pronounced vascular remodeling
Angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis occur in several chronic in ammatory conditions, including rheumatoid arthritis, in ammatory bowel disease, asthma, chronic airway in ammation, atopic dermatitis, and psoriasis [6,7,8,9]
Summary
According to the World Allergy Organization, allergic disorders affect 30–40% of the world’s population, and the prevalence is escalating to epidemic proportions. Angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis, the growth of new blood vessels and of lymphatic vessels from preexisting ones, are involved in a number of physiological and pathological conditions such as wound healing, tumor growth, and metastatic spread [2,3,4,5]. Angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis occur in several chronic in ammatory conditions, including rheumatoid arthritis, in ammatory bowel disease, asthma, chronic airway in ammation, atopic dermatitis, and psoriasis [6,7,8,9]. Even though blood and lymphatic vessels are key players in acute and chronic in ammatory processes, and might serve as new therapeutic targets in in ammatory and allergic diseases, there is currently no clinically approved treatment to speci cally modulate the vasculature
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