Abstract
In this paper, we propose a semi-blind, imperceptible, and robust digital audio watermarking algorithm. The proposed algorithm is based on cascading two well-known transforms: the discrete wavelet transform and the singular value decomposition. The two transforms provide different, but complementary, levels of robustness against watermarking attacks. The uniqueness of the proposed algorithm is twofold: the distributed formation of the wavelet coefficient matrix and the selection of the off-diagonal positions of the singular value matrix for embedding watermark bits. Imperceptibility, robustness, and high data payload of the proposed algorithm are demonstrated using different musical clips.
Highlights
The recent advancements of digital audio technology have increased the ease with which audio files are stored, transmitted, and reproduced
Audio watermarking techniques which are used for copyright protection of digital audio signals must satisfy two main requirements: imperceptibility and robustness [6]
We propose a semi-blind hybrid audio watermarking algorithm based on the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and singular value decomposition (SVD) transforms
Summary
The recent advancements of digital audio technology have increased the ease with which audio files are stored, transmitted, and reproduced. In the hybrid algorithm proposed by [24], the audio signal is partitioned into blocks, and the watermark bits are embedded using dither modulation quantization of the singular values of the blocks. We propose a semi-blind hybrid audio watermarking algorithm based on the DWT and SVD transforms. The uniqueness of the proposed algorithm is twofold: the distributed formation of the DWT coefficient matrix and the selection of the offdiagonal positions of SVD's singular value matrix for embedding watermark bits. Matrix A represents the detail sub-bands matrix shown, which is produced after applying DWT on the original audio signal. After applying the SVD operator on the DWT matrix, watermark bits are embedded onto the off-diagonal zero elements of the S matrix, while the diagonal singular values of the matrix remain unchanged. The overall watermarked audio signal is obtained by concatenating the watermarked frames obtained in the previous steps
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