Abstract
An extremely efficient flame retardant with low water solubility has been developed for bisphenol-A based polycarbonate. Potassium trimethylsilylbenzenesulfonate (KTSS) combining trimethylsilyl and sulfonate groups in its molecule is 7 times less water soluble and 5 times more effective in flame retardancy than potassium benzenesulfonylbenzenesulfonate (KSS), the commercial workhorse for polycarbonate (PC). At a loading of 0.02%, KTSS enables PC to achieve a solid UL-94 V0 rating and a limiting oxygen index (LOI) value of 34.4%, representing an increase of 8.5 units. The extremely high efficiency of KTSS stems from its great migration ability to the burning polymer surface facilitated by trimethylsilyl group, its timely release of active alkaline species that promote the charring process of PC, and the stabilization of char by silicon. In addition to the exceptional flame retardancy, PC/KTSS retains excellent physical properties of PC.
Highlights
Flame retardant bisphenol-A based polycarbonate (PC) has been widely used in the electronic industry thanks to its balanced physical properties and flame retardancy [1,2,3]
The amount of char of PC/KTSS is lower than that of PC. These results are consistent with those obtained in the cone tests, and suggest that KTSS works as flame retardant by accelerating the formation of char instead of increasing the amount of char
These results are consistent with those obtained in the cone tests, and suggest that KTSS works as flame retardant by accelerating the formation of char instead of increasing the amount of char. 9 of 14
Summary
Flame retardant bisphenol-A based polycarbonate (PC) has been widely used in the electronic industry thanks to its balanced physical properties and flame retardancy [1,2,3]. During the search of the generation of flame retardants for polycarbonate, on the basis of the mode of action of sulfonate salts that takes place in the condensed phase [10], it was surmised that sulfonate salts with great migration ability to the polymer surface upon fire should boast enhanced flame retardancy because a high concentration of sulfonate salts in the surface would significantly facilitate the surface charring process of PC and achieve high flame retardancy. By the 2facile migration of silyl group might sulfonate salts be pulled to the surface leading to enhanced flame retardancy. By incorporating a trimethylsilyl group in its structure, the silyl group might sulfonate salts be pulled to the surface leading to enhanced flame retardancy. By incorporating a trimethylsilyl group in its structure, the new sulfonate salt has been demonstrated to be several times more efficient than KSS, and. Potassium hydroxide and 1,4-bis(trimethylsilyl)benzene were obtained from Aladdin
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