Abstract
AbstractIn this paper, the actuator‐in‐actuator cylinder (AC‐squared) model is presented. This model is an extension of the original actuator cylinder model of Madsen and is capable of modelling the effect of a two concentric actuation surfaces in 2D. The induced velocity at every point in the 2D field is affected by the force field acting on the two actuator cylinders. The equations are derived, and a model verification is performed using analytical solutions of flows, proof of flow equivalence, and using OpenFOAM calculations. Finally, the model is applied to different case studies, and the results are compared with a time‐dependent free wake vortex method.
Highlights
Compared with conventional horizontal axis wind turbines (HAWTs), vertical axis wind turbines (VAWTs) exhibit several advantages that make them attractive candidates for more efficient off-shore wind farms
To accelerate the adoption of the VAWT concept in the offshore wind industry, there is a need for a deeper understanding of their complex rotor aerodynamics
In most previous studies,[2,3] VAWTs have been idealized by modelling a single actuation surface, which coincides with the swept area of the rotor blades
Summary
Compared with conventional horizontal axis wind turbines (HAWTs), vertical axis wind turbines (VAWTs) exhibit several advantages that make them attractive candidates for more efficient off-shore wind farms. To accelerate the adoption of the VAWT concept in the offshore wind industry, there is a need for a deeper understanding of their complex rotor aerodynamics. Despite its relatively high accuracy and computational efficiency, this simplified approach is incapable of incorporating the effect of additional wind turbine components on the overall rotor aerodynamics, which could, play a significant role. The effect of the struts or tower cannot be accounted for, nor could more unconventional VAWTs such as double-bladed concepts or the so-called butterfly turbine be modelled with these approaches. This research studies two concentric actuators: the actuator-in-actuator cylinder concept (AC-squared)
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