Abstract
Cognitive radio (CR) is a software-defined radio designed to enhance spectrum utilization using opportunistic accessing method in wireless communication paradigm. The secondary user (SU) nodes in cognitive radio networks (CRN) perform dynamic spectrum sharing in the radio environment. The primary problem of each SU node is to identify the spectrum holes for next hop in order to quick formation of networks. Therefore, we need a routing mechanism which can correlate with the dynamic aspect of CRN. In this paper, the work proposes an ACS based distributed routing algorithm for CRN. We use guided ants for heuristic visibility and pheromone distribution. In our approach, two types of ant are used; forward ant and backward ant is where forward ants exploits the feasible path to reach destination, and backward ant gathers information about the connected components and updates routing tables of the node.
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