Abstract
This paper gives an exploratory mathematical framework for crowdfunding pledging of utilities tunnel engineering project. For two typical types of “All-or-Nothing” and “Keep-it-All” platforms, it analyzes the crowdfunding process how to operate on the platforms for the project. There are four types of crowdfunding modes, and a utilities tunnel project can flexibly choose one or several crowdfunding types analyzed in this paper to improve project construction according to the status of the project. Debt crowdfunding should design rational interest payment mechanism and Macaulay duration, and equity crowdfunding should consider the backers may get dividend and capital revenue for a utilities tunnel project. Simulation analyses of debt crowdfunding and equity crowdfunding give some cases for project fulfillment. The founder of reward crowdfunding can give free or low price energy products to the backers, while the backers of donation crowdfunding are completely philanthropic to supply the pledged capital.
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