Abstract
As the proportion of flexible load resources in smart grids continues to rise, resulting in increasingly complex grid structures, significant changes in grid characteristics, and increased risks to grid operation and control, it will be difficult to intelligently regulate the grid solely by relying on traditional resource regulation methods, and the dispatchable space for traditional resources will become smaller and smaller. To this end, this paper conducts an exploratory investigation on the modeling techniques for flexible loads participation in smart grid dispatching. First, a classification of the flexible loads involved in grid regulation is made. Secondly, according to the flexible load classification, the modeling techniques of different classes of flexible loads are reviewed and studied; then, the flexible load dispatching modes for different operating states and different control tasks, and under different control methods are discussed deeply. Moreover, the technological economics and feasibility of these different flexible load dispatching modes are compared. Finally, an outlook and conclusion are made.
Highlights
In recent years, with the concept of Energy Internet [1][2] proposed, and the rapid development of smart grids and integrated energy systems, the Global Energy Internet [3] will become the world’s energy and power system development trend
There is an urgent need to explore new dispatching technologies and methods to control grid resources, especially new energy resources. These new dispatching ways include new grid dispatching operation modes that take into account generation uncertainty and load controllability [7], as well as research on the optimal dispatching method based on load controllability for main distribution coordination [8]
4.1 Prospect In order to adapt to the new situation of power grid development, it is necessary to increase the means of power grid regulation and control, solve the difficulties of power grid peaking and frequency regulation, and improve the safe operation of power grid
Summary
With the concept of Energy Internet [1][2] proposed, and the rapid development of smart grids and integrated energy systems, the Global Energy Internet [3] will become the world’s energy and power system development trend. The first aspect is the benefits of cutting peak and filling valley of the smart grid At this point, the storage batteries and EVs can be charged when the load is low and discharged during the peak period, which can effectively relieve the pressure of peak adjustment during the peak period of the power grid, realize the peak reduction and valley filling of the load curve, and improve the load rate and the efficiency of equipment use. The last aspect is the benefits obtained from optimization of power flow distribution At this point, due to the spatial dispersion of the flexible load, controlling the electricity consumption behavior of the flexible load can influence the tidal current distribution of the power system, which can be used to reduce system network losses and improve the voltage quality of the system. The way in which flexible loads are matched to grid functions and demands is shown in Fig. 2 below
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