An exploratory analysis of behavior-based and other management techniques to improve avian conservation translocations

Abstract

A diverse array of management techniques is used to improve the success of captive bred animals after they are released into the wild. These techniques include behavior-based management methods, such as predator aversion and foraging trainings. However, it is uncertain which management methods are useful for increasing survival of captive bred birds during the post-release establishment phase. Here we performed an exploratory multimodel inference analysis to examine which management methods, including behavior-based, help improve avian survival within the first year post-release. Using both peer-reviewed articles and grey literature from 76 sources over the last 37 years, we identified 91 avian conservation translocation events with first year survival data from 15 taxonomic orders with an emphasis on Galliformes, Gruiformes, and Otidiformes. A priori models were created, representing each management method and its potential effect on survival, and ranked using Kullback-Leibler information. Behavior-based techniques, such as wild food exposure and acclimating birds to the release area pre-release, and non-behavior techniques, such as in situ management, protected release area, and providing post-release food aid, all led to increases in bird survival after release. These methods should be explored further for increasing avian survival, improving conservation translocations, and advancing endangered species conservation.