Abstract
Since ancient times, China has adhered to designing human settlement based on the concept of “defending the emperor and safeguarding the ordinary”. With its spatial structure in accordance with the Chinese ancient strategist Zhuge Liang’s art of war “the Diagram of the Eight-Sided Battle Formation” and in line with the terrain of natural landscape, Zhuge Village, the settlement of Zhuge Liang’s descendants in middle Zhejiang Province, has formed a landscape model featuring cultural characteristics. Using literature research, field research, schema cognition and analysis method, this paper investigates and analyzes aspects such as the siting of settlement, spatial layout, landscape images, ritual activities, and landscape changes so as to explore the concepts from ancient art of war to spatial design as well as analyze its landscape forms and the construction of its landscape model. The paper aims to reveal how the designer of Zhuge Village transformed the spatial deployment of the battle formation in the ancient art of war into the spatial landscape model of “living and working in peace and contentment”. In addition, this paper intends to explore the cultural landscape model of the traditional settlement on the basis of Chinese traditional cultural symbol, “the Eight Trigrams”, in hope that it will provide some inspiration for urban public landscape design in China.
Highlights
In the Timeless Way of Building (1994:162), Christopher Alexander points out that, “these ‘worldwide’models that we fashion are none other than the ideas that we create; we imagine, conceive, create, and construct the living models in the world, because we have equivalent imaginative models in our mind”. [1] “Feng shui (風水)” (Feng shui: We use Chinese Pinyin to translate traditional Chinese concepts/terms, unless there are internationally accepted translations such as “Taoism (道教)”.)in Chinese architecture is a spatial model designed by combining the ancient spatial science and culture
We found that there was “the Azimuth Diagram of the Eight Trigrams” painted on the screen wall beside Zhong Pond in the center of the village, and when we compared it with the real spatial layout, I found that it proved that Zhuge Village, in accordance with “the Eight Trigrams” and in combination with mountains, rivers and the architectural spatial the of picture theouter wall of ofeight the store store in Zhuge
We found that there was “the Azimuth Diagram of the Eight Trigrams” painted on the screen wall beside Zhong Pond in the center of the village, and when we compared it with the real spatial layout, I found that it proved that Zhuge Village, in accordance with “the Eight Trigrams” and in combination with mountains, rivers and the architectural spatial layout, created the landscape structure of inner outer eightof trigrams
Summary
In the Timeless Way of Building (1994:162), Christopher Alexander points out that, “these ‘worldwide’models that we fashion are none other than the ideas that we create; we imagine, conceive, create, and construct the living models in the world, because we have equivalent imaginative models in our mind”. [1] “Feng shui (風水)” (Feng shui: We use Chinese Pinyin to translate traditional Chinese concepts/terms, unless there are internationally accepted translations such as “Taoism (道教)”.)in Chinese architecture is a spatial model designed by combining the ancient spatial science and culture. “the Confucian classics said that, ‘Qi (Energy) is dispersed by wind and absorbed by water, so the ancients conserve it and make it continuous; that’s so called Feng shui.’” The theory of Feng shui is a comprehensive natural science consisting of varied disciplines such as geophysics, hydrogeology, cosmology, meteorology, environmental landscape, architecture, ecology and bioinformatics. It aims to observe and understand natural environment deliberately, utilize and transform nature so as to create a nice living environment.), exerted a huge influence on the construction of settlement layout. Mountain winds around around 44 miles; miles; on on the the east east of of the and on Mountain winds the village, village, aa few few small small hills hills run run northsouth; northsouth; and on the south of the village, there is “Jingtanghou
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