An exploration of diagnostic identity for autistic individuals: A systematic review of existing literature

Abstract

Researchers have explored long-term outcomes for those diagnosed on the autism spectrum, including how autistic individuals come to develop a diagnostic identity. Establishing an identity around a diagnostic label may lead to positive impacts, including a sense of community for those who experience stigma. The topic of autistic diagnostic identity is relatively new and, as such, a synthesized understanding of this literature has yet to be conducted. This systematic review gathered peer-reviewed literature related to autistic diagnostic identity; 20 articles were included. Data were extracted based on design, funding, location, participant age/demographics, age of diagnosis, and definition, description, and impacts of autistic diagnostic identity. Findings highlight that autistic diagnostic identity formation is a time-sensitive process influenced by factors such as age at reporting and societal considerations. Impacts of autistic diagnostic identity, gaps in the literature, and implications for clinicians and professionals working with autistic individuals are discussed.