An Exploration of Challenging Behavior Associated with Down Syndrome

Abstract

ABSTRACT Introduction: Down syndrome (DS) is a developmental disability characterized by the presence of an extra chromosome, specifically Chromosome 21. Much is known about the physical and health conditions associated with DS; however, little is known about challenging behavior (e.g. aggression, tantrums, self-injurious behavior (SIB), noncompliance, disruptive behavior) individuals with DS may display, even though these behaviors have been shown to be associated with intellectual and developmental disabilities in general. Methods: This paper presents a brief review of the literature regarding DS and the presentation, assessment, and evaluation of challenging behavior. Results: Results of our review show that the most commonly reported challenging behavior in DS was aggression, and that the function often associated with these behaviors is escape. Conclusion: Although research exists on challenging behavior in those with DS, this work is limited. Thus, future research should focus on further examination of challenging behavior so that DS-specific treatment options can be developed and assessed.