An Experimental Study on the Smoke Behavior and Ensuring the Safety of Staircases in a Station Building During a Fire-Air Current Control in an Underground Station by a Passive Safety System-

Abstract

For underground station buildings, a passive safety system is proposed for energy conservation under daily use and for evacuation safety in case of a fire. The stack effect by a solar chimney and the ambient air cooling effect by dry mist, which have been examined in recent years, are used in the proposed system. During any period of the year, the proposed system controls the air current in the direction of air → staircase → concourse and platform → solar chimney → outside air . If a fire occurs under this status, the safety of staircases will be secured because smoke will be discharged through chimneys. When adopting this system for an underground station building, it is necessary to check the boundary conditions in the building for effective system operation. Therefore, in the present study, a model as small as 1/20 the size of an actual station building was fabricated, and experiments were conducted using scaling laws.