An Experimental Study On The Performance And Exhaust Emission Characteristics Of A CI Engine Powered By Alcohol/Biodiesel/Diesel Fuel Blends Containing Different Types Of Alcohol (Isopropanol-C3, 1-Butanol-C4, And Isopentanol-C5)

Abstract

Alcohols are significant alternative and renewable fuel candidates for the utilization in the internal combustion engines due to encouraging favorable environmental and economic outputs. Long-chain alcohols have various advantages over short-chain alcohols because of their larger energy content, elevated cetane number CN and preferable blending properties, etc. The objective of the present experimental research deal with the exploring and compare the influence of the ternary fuel mixtures of petroleum-based diesel fuel, cottonseed oil methyl ester COME and long-chain alcohols of isopropanol Pr , 1-butanol Bt , and isopentanol Pt on the performance and emission characteristics of a single-cylinder, four-stroke, naturally-aspirated, direct-injection compression-ignition CI engine. As the prepared tested fuel samples, four different blends were as follows on a volume basis: B20 20% COME + %80 diesel fuel , B20Pr20 20% COME + %20 isopropanol + %80 diesel fuel , B20Bt20 20% COME + %20 1-butanol + %80 diesel fuel , and B20Pt20 20% COME + %20 isopentanol + %80 diesel fuel . The engine trials were carried out at various loads 0-1250 W and under a constant speed 3000 rpm to observe the aforementioned behaviors. Based on the experimental outcomes, brake specific fuel consumption BSFC values of B20Pr20 exhibited higher than those of other ternary blends at all loads. Brake thermal efficiency BTE values for B20Pt20 were observed as larger than those of ternary blends. B20Pt20 had higher exhaust gas temperature EGT values than those of B20Bt20 and B20Pr20. The infusion of long-chain alcohols to COME/diesel blend caused to reduce NOX emissions meanwhile isopropanol, 1-butanol, and isopentanol were the most to least influential alcohol types, respectively. Besides, with the addition of alcohol, a substantial decrement was noticed in smoke opacity at entire loads owing to the excess amount of oxygen content and lesser ratio of C/H of the alcohols. However, CO and HC emissions rose by infusion of long-chain alcohols to the blends. Finally, it can be concluded that higher alcohols could be a possible fuel additive for the fractional replacement for petroleum-based diesel fuel and biodiesel in the blends for CI engine practices.