Abstract
Using an enclosed cylindrical burner, the possible opening of laminar diffusion flame tips was experimentally investigated for various kinds of fuel/inert gas mixtures. The results show that for the ternary mixture of hydrogen, propane, and the inert gas(nitrogen, argon or carbon dioxide), in which the molecular weight of the inert gas is much greater than that of hydrogen, tip opening is indeed possible when the mixture is considerably diluted with the inert gas, whereas for the ternary mixture of hydrogen, propane, and helium, the flame temperature (the maximum temperature in the reaction zone) increases towards the tip of the flame, burning is intensified at the tip, and hence tip opening is not possible. In addition, it is found in hydrogen/carbon dioxide mixtures that tip opening occurs at a constant hydrogen concentration independent of the inner mixture velocity and the outer air velocity. This tip behavior of diffusion flames is in qualitative agreement with the diffusional stratificationmechanism and is also similar to that of premixed flames, suggesting the interesting possibility of the dominance of the diffusional stratification mechanisms in the opening of both premixed bunsen flame tips and laminar diffusion flame tips.
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