An experimental study on synthesis of glycolic acid via carbonylation of formaldehyde using PTFE membrane contactor

Abstract

The batch and continuous synthesis of glycolic acid via carbonylation of formaldehyde using high-temperature and high-pressure poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) membrane contactor was demonstrated in this paper. The experiments in conventional stirred tank reactor were also conducted for comparison. The results showed that the yield of glycolic acid was significantly improved in membrane contactor system compared to the stirred tank reactor. At reaction temperature of 120 °C and reaction pressure of 5.0 MPa, the yield of glycolic acid was higher than 90% when the reaction time was 1 h, while it was only about 45% in the conventional stirred tank reactor. The enhancement of yield was due to the improvement of mass transfer or dispersion of CO in membrane contactor system, which could provide larger gas-liquid contact area and shorter mass transfer distance. The stability of PTFE hollow fibre membranes was also investigated by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), liquid entry pressure (LEP), bubble point (BP) and contact angle (CA) measurements. The characterizations indicated that PTFE membranes exhibited good chemical and thermal stability in this reaction system. This study provided new idea and reference for the carbonylation of formaldehyde and similar gas-liquid reactions.