Abstract
目的 通过观察膈神经移位术后大鼠神经元再生情况及其形态学改变,了解该神经移位术后运动和感觉神经元的再生能力.方法 采用SD成年雌鼠(10～12周龄,n=11只),一组大鼠膈神经切断后用荧光示踪剂快蓝溶液标记,一周后经心脏灌注4%副甲醛溶液,取出C2-5脊髓节段及背根神经节,切片在荧光显微镜放大250倍下计数快蓝标记的运动神经元和感觉神经元,并测量荧光标记的神经元截面积.另一组大鼠行膈神经移位至肌皮神经,经过6个月的神经再生后,在吻合口远端切断肌皮神经,采用同样方法逆向标记已经完成再生的神经元,一周后如上法取材,计数神经元及测量胞体截面积.结果 1.正常大鼠膈神经核含运动神经元[(344.3±10.0)个,(x)±s,下同],截面积为(588.5±31.9)μm2;含感觉神经元(427.0±54.6)个,截面积为(881.9±86.9)μm2.2.膈神经移位术后,约有95%的运动神经元(326.0±16.3)个完成了再生,再生的运动神经元胞体表现出轻度肿胀(673.6±25.8)μm2;只有约60%的感觉神经元完成了再生(255.8±45.2)个,再生的感觉神经元表现出胞体萎缩(668.8±51.1)μm2.结论 膈神经移位后具有良好的神经元再生能力,尤其表现在运动神经元,为术后运动功能恢复创造了重要的先决条件。
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