AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON EVALUATING THE INDICATORS OF THE SENSE OF PHYSICAL OPPRESSION CREATED IN URBAN SPACE

Abstract

This study aims to propose an indicator for evaluating senses of physical oppression in urban space. Possible senses of oppression were evaluated from the perspectives of viewing a single building, viewing groups of buildings, and with the entire streetscape in view. The physical evaluations aim to cover these three architectural situations. The results are as follows. First, the configuration factor, having been used hitherto as an indicator corresponding to senses of physical oppression, is found to have a high correlation; however, it is weaker than the correlation to the solid angle. Second, among the physical indicators being suggested for the evaluating indicator, the correlations of the three indicators,「Σ{solid angle × distance}」,「Σ{ solid angle × distance2}」,「Sigma;{solid angle × distance3}」, are high. In this study,「Σ{solid angle × distance3}」is suggested because it is a reasonable indicator for determining the capacity of openness in a city from the viewpoint of its spatial form. Third, it is suggested that solid angle is substituted as「Σ{solid angle × distance3}」which this study proposes. Finally, in order to calculate the evaluating indicator, the subjective distance to the sky is normally about 500m, which is consistent with other studies, but further research on this distance is necessary.