Abstract
SentryGlas® Plus (SGP) laminated glass is a novel type of safety glass with high strength and stiffness. On the other hand, cold bending is a novel technique to build curved glass curtain walls, and is advantageous in terms of its greater energy efficiency and cost-effectiveness as well as its simple construction processes. The cold bending of SGP laminated glass could result in broad applications for the material and provide huge economic benefits in the field of glass curtain wall construction. To study cold-bending stress and its reverse-coupling effect with the uniform load in SGP laminated glass panels, single-corner cold-bending tests, uniform load tests, and ultimate capacity tests were conducted on eight pieces of such panels with different cold-bending curvatures and interlayer thicknesses. The results revealed that cold-bending stress in the glass panels under single-corner cold bending demonstrated a saddle-shaped distribution, with the maximum and second-largest cold-bending stresses located near the corner of the short side and the long side adjacent to the cold-bending corner, respectively. The cold-bending stress and coupling stress increased nonlinearly as the cold-bending curvature rose and the interlayer thickness became greater. Moreover, cold-bending curvature was a factor that affected the cold-bending stress and coupling stress more significantly than the interlayer thickness. The ultimate capacity and ultimate deflection of the glass panels decreased as the cold-bending curvature and interlayer thickness grew.
Highlights
To improve aesthetics and expand the range of structural design concepts, curved profiles are extensively used as constructional elements for architectural structures such as windows and building facades/fronts, including sunshades and light shelves [1,2]
Laminated glass, single-corner cold-bending tests, uniform load tests, and ultimate capacity tests were performed on 8 tempered laminated glass panels with different cold-bending curvatures and interlayer thicknesses
Because there is no precise description of the index of anticlastic cold bending [20], to describe the degree of cold bending of the glass panels we referred to the warpage measurement of PCB board in the IPC-TM-650 test methods manual and define the cold-bending curvature as: β where ‘β’ is the cold-bending curvature; ‘s’ is the maximum cold-bending displacement of the cold-bending corner; and ‘c’ is the diagonal length of the glass panel
Summary
To improve aesthetics and expand the range of structural design concepts, curved profiles are extensively used as constructional elements for architectural structures such as windows and building facades/fronts, including sunshades and light shelves [1,2]. Belis et al [13,14] studied the behavior of cold-bent laminated glass units with a single curvature and two layers of fully toughened glass that were bound together with different types of PVB Their results showed that the mechanical behavior of these units was dependent on three aspects, namely the type and thickness of the interlayer, the speed of load application, and the temperature during the bending process. Practical experiments are needed to reveal cold-bending stress and its coupling effect with the uniform load in cold-bent SGP laminated glass panels. Single-corner cold bending of rectangular glass panels provides more free forms and greater architectural freedom to the panels, which could help fit most curved glass curtain walls into complex shapes. The Young’s modulus and Poisson ratio of the tempered glass were set as 72 GPa and 0.22, respectively
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