Abstract
The first experimental investigation of ultrasonic beams produced by a Bessel transducer is reported. Bessel sources are of particular interest in attempts to achieve diffractionless beams; Durnin et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 58, 1499 (1987)] showed that a Bessel beam of light was diffraction-free. Using a novel technique of nonuniform poling, the polarization strength of a piezoelectric ceramic disk was made to follow the pattern of an axially symmetric, truncated Bessel function J0 in both amplitude and phase. Field profiles and propagation behavior of the Bessel ultrasonic beam were measured experimentally in a water immersion tank. The measured profiles agreed well with calculated results using a Gauss-Hermite beam model. Effects of the number of lobes, frequency, and beam width on diffraction behavior were investigated. [Work supported by Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy.]
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