Abstract
It is known that the structure of cast irons and steels can contain both cementite and graphite. In unalloyed steels and cast irons cementite is a metastable phase and can be graphitized in the process of prolonged annealing, which is used in the production of malleable cast irons and graphitized steels. Alloying with carbide-forming elements (Cr, Mn, V, etc.) in various amounts can stabilize cementite, providing stably white or stably mottled cast irons. A recently discovered phenomenon connected with formation of metastable graphite in the structure of alloy cast irons and steels, which undergoes carbidization in prolonged annealing, has been called metastable graphitization and is much less known.
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