Abstract
The membrane potential and the permeability coefficient of ions in various kinds of electrolyte systems are investigated as a function of membrane charge density. The theoretical predictions in the previous paper [J. Membrane Sci., 49 (1990) 145] agree with the experimental data using membranes made from poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and poly(styrenesulfuric acid) (PSSA) mixtures, and PVA and poly(allylamine) (PAAM) mixtures. The results show that the counterion with the highest valence is the most important for ion permeation phenomena in a multicomponent ion system ion system and that uphill transport of a bivalent counterion occurs because its concentration gradient in a charged membrane is in the opposite direction to its external concentration gradient.
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