Abstract
In the present work, flat-plate solar collector (FPSC) in terms of various parameters as well as in respect of lower (Area of FPSC, volume fraction concentration of nanofluids, and mass flow rate) has been studied in this work. The FPSC has been fabricated with 0.192 m2, Dioxide silicon SiO2 (40nm) with the volume fraction of SiO2+Distilled water (0.05, 0.075, and 0.1%) and varying of flow rate (10, 15, 20L/h). These technological devices operate under forced circulation mode of fluid under varying climate conditions. The tracking mechanism has been used in the experiment of FPSC for tracking the sun position during the daytime. As per the ASHRAE standard. The results showed that at volume fraction 0.10 % and flow rate of 20 L/h, the highest increase in the absorbed energy parameter FR(τα) was 7.3 %, and the removed energy parameter FRUL was 11.9 % compared with distilled water. The changes in absorbed energy parameter FR(τα) they vary from 4.4% to 7.3% while in removed energy parameter FRUL, the vary from 1.3% to 11.9% as compared with the distilled water case. The maximum efficiency was about 70 % as the decreased temperature parameter [(Ti–Ta)/GT] is equal to zero at a volume fraction of 0.10 % and flow rate of 20 L/h
Highlights
One of the cleanest forms of renewable energy sources is solar energy
The results proved that employing the optimum particle size fraction of 1.5% for Al2O3 nanofluid will increases the solar collector thermal efficiency by 31.64% as compared with distilled water as the working fluid
Dioxide silicon SiO2 (40nm) + Distilled water (DW), based nanofluid of volume fraction concentration of 0.05%, 0.075%, and 0.10%, as working fluid is fabricated to flow through the collector at different values of flow rates of
Summary
One of the cleanest forms of renewable energy sources is solar energy. The most common method to employ solar energy is to utilize a solar energy collector. Flat-plate collectors FPSCs are the most commonly utilized type of solar collector as to the heater, the water, or air Those collectors have distinguished by low outlet temperature and efficiency [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8]. Alim et al [20] carried out a theoretical study for analyzing the consequences on entropy generation, the ability to enhance heat transfer in addition to pressure drop with various types of nanofluids like CuO, TiO2, Al2O3 and SiO2with water as fluid at different values of rates the flow in a FPSC. The remarkable drawn results of the investigation showed that the enhanced heat transfer was 22.15% with low heat generation 4.34% comparing with pure water as working fluid
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