An experimental investigation of the role of negative mood in worry: The role of appraisals that facilitate systematic information processing

Abstract

Background and ObjectivesNegative mood is associated with increased worry levels, and also with deployment of a systematic information processing style. An experimental study assessed the potential role of systematic information processing in mediating the facilitative effect of negative mood on worry (e.g. Johnston & Davey, 1997). MethodParticipants underwent appropriate vignette-based mood inductions (negative, neutral, and cognitive priming). Participants completed visual analogue scales measuring variables that reflect a raised processing sufficiency threshold and are known to increase systematic processing (responsibility, accountability, desire for control, and need for cognition), a measure of ‘as many as can’ worry stop rule deployment, and two measures of worry (the catastrophising interview and the Penn State Worry Questionnaire, PSWQ, Meyer, Miller, Metzger, & Borkovec, 1990). ResultsExperimentally-induced negative mood facilitated the endorsement of cognitive appraisals known to increase systematic as opposed to heuristic information processing. In addition, a meditational analysis showed that the systematic processing facilitators measure together with a measure of ‘as many as can’ worry stop rule deployment fully mediated the relationship between negative mood and a measure of worry frequency (PSWQ). LimitationsFuture studies should develop and validate direct measures of systematic processing. ConclusionsSimilarities and differences between systematic processing and chronic worrying as effortful forms of information processing are discussed, and a role for systematic processing as an information processing style relevant to understanding worrisome thought is described.