An Experimental Investigation of the Factors Which Affect on the Performance of a Single Basin Typical Double Slope Solar Still for Water Desalination

A S Zedan,S A M Nasr Eldin

doi:10.4236/epe.2015.76026

Abstract

Solar energy is very useful in the process of desalination especially for areas that suffer from a lack of clean water resources. In recent years, many people have been using solar still. Therefore the raising of the productivity and efficiency of solar still represents the most important problems that need further research. The present work aims to study the effect of preheating the water entering to still and the effect of reducing pressure inside the still on the productivity of the solar still. Therefore in present work two identical single basin typical double slope solar stills of the inner basin dimensions for each still 2 m × 1 m × 0.08 m, have been designed and fabricated with mild steel plate. One of them is conventional solar still and the other is modified with flat plate collector and vacuum pump to study the effect of preheating and vacuum on the performance of solar still. The experimental measurements are made to enhance the solar still productivity by firstly preheating the water entering the still using flat plate collector and secondly by integrating the still basin with vacuum pump. The results show that preheating the water entering the still increases the water productivity by amount about 27.7% - 29.3%. The results also show that decreasing pressure inside the still using vacuum pump improves the solar still water productivety by amount about 21.8% - 23.9%.

Highlights

In recent years the needs for clean water were increased to face population increment, agriculture development, industrial development and generating electric power
All experimental tests are performed at Faculty of Engineering KKU University, Abha City which lies on the altitudes of 2200 m above sea level, Saudi Arabia
The results show that using vacuum pump improves the solar still water productivity by about 21.8% to 23.9%

Summary

Introduction

In recent years the needs for clean water were increased to face population increment, agriculture development, industrial development and generating electric power. Enhancing the still’s productivity has been studied by several investigators, Murugavel et al [1] made a review to the progress in improving the effectiveness of simple single basin solar still. They showed that the basin time solar stills were simple in design, manufacturing, operation and economy. An optimum tilt angle for water production was found to be 358 during the month of May. The results showed that water production decreased in a somewhat linear relationship with increasing water depth in the still. Collins et al [3] made tests on a simple solar still coupled with an external condenser

Methods

Results

Conclusion