Abstract
The development of Medium Frequency Transformers (MFTs) from a novel perspective is essential for the advancement of today´s various relevant applications such as the emerging solid-state transformers, along with interfaces for the interconnection of photovoltaic parks and electric vehicles. The analysis, design and implementation of MFTs pursuing the achievement of characteristics such as high power density, high efficiency, and a specific dispersion inductance is a key goal for designers. There are several parameters and design methods that influence the final performance of an MFT, such as the geometry and material of the core. The advantages/disadvantages of each material/geometry combination, about the dispersion inductance for instance, are not well known, even considering a single material but various geometries. This paper presents the analysis, design and experimental development of three nanocrystalline-core MFTs, each one with a different core geometry (toroidal, type CC and shell-type). The purpose of this work is to evaluate and compare the most favourable characteristics and performance of each type of geometry, tested at 5 kHz and 1.75 kVA. The cases studied, in simulation and experimentation with scaled prototypes, focus on evaluating the power density, the core losses, the winding losses, the geometric dimensions, and the dispersion inductance obtained in each MFT, as well as its performances operating with sinusoidal and square waveforms. The results show that: 1) the toroid core has higher efficiency; 2) the shell core has the lowest dispersion inductance and is easier to build, and 3) the CC type has the highest dispersion inductance. This new information is a step to further understand how to get more controllable, more efficient MFTS, with a higher power density and lower cost, depending on the intended application of cutting-edge DC-DC DAB-type converters.
Highlights
IntroductionMedium Frequency Transformers (MFTs), associated with DC-DC converters, require the highest possible power density, high efficiency, and a specific dispersion inductance at the lowest cost
Medium Frequency Transformers (MFTs), associated with DC-DC converters, require the highest possible power density, high efficiency, and a specific dispersion inductance at the lowest cost.Regarding this inductance, a precise knowledge of the value of this parameter is critical to set the power control range of a DC-DC DAB-type converter
The analysis, development and evaluation of the MFTs are fundamental for the advancement of DC-DC converters towards more efficient, lower cost and higher power density structures, applicable to wind systems, photovoltaic systems, electric vehicles and solid-state transformers
Summary
Medium Frequency Transformers (MFTs), associated with DC-DC converters, require the highest possible power density, high efficiency, and a specific dispersion inductance at the lowest cost. Regarding this inductance, a precise knowledge of the value of this parameter is critical to set the power control range of a DC-DC DAB-type converter. A precise knowledge of the value of this parameter is critical to set the power control range of a DC-DC DAB-type converter To properly operate, this converter requires a minimum value of dispersion inductance at its input port. The dispersion inductance of the MFT is part of this minimum inductance.
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