An experimental case study of solar food dryer with thermal storage using phase change material

Abstract

With ever expanding population and accelerating energy challenges, the ultimate need to adopt green-energy solutions for the preservation and storage techniques for fruits and vegetables has become vital. Sun drying is an age-old method to preserve food and it has revived the popularity within the industrial sector to overcome the high energy consuming operations. This work presents the experimental investigations of a solar dryer with integrated thermal storage chamber. The thermal storage chamber employed paraffin wax as a phase change material (PCM). Incorporating PCM enhances the efficiency and efficacy of the solar dryer. PCM absorbs heat, causing it to melt during peak sunshine hours. Then, during periods of reduced sunlight, the PCM releases the stored heat, enabling continuous product drying. Particularly, the solar dryer successfully dried onions, apricots, and peas, with moisture removal percentages of 69.6 %, 65 %, and 75 % respectively from the total mass.