An experimental approach for the investigation of the performance of non-stabilized Compressed Earth Blocks (CEBs) against water-mediated weathering

Abstract

• Multidisciplinary approach to assess the performance of non-stabilized CEBs used for the restoration of heritage buildings and in contemporary construction against water-mediated weathering. • Soil and sand mineralogy affect the behavior of hardened CEBs against water-mediated weathering. • Addition of sand contributes to the optimization of CEB durability performance. • Combination of testing methodologies needed to assess CEB resistance against water attack. Compressed Earth Blocks (CEBs) have been attracting increasing research interest recently, because of their sustainable nature. While these earth-based materials have long been used in heritage and contemporary buildings worldwide, their poor performance against water-mediated weathering is still considered to be a major drawback. The aim of this study is to examine the durability performance of non-stabilized CEBs currently produced in Cyprus and to enhance their resistance against water-mediated weathering by optimizing their granular composition. To that end, four soils originating from specific areas of the island, which have been well-known for their rich tradition in earthen heritage buildings, namely adobe masonry, and a fine crushed aggregate were used to produce several CEBs. These were examined both at macroscopic and microscopic level, while spray erosion, drip, capillary absorption and wet/dry appraisal tests were carried out to assess their performance against water attack. The results show that more than one testing methodologies have to be used to fully assess the resistance of CEBs against water decay. They also suggest that the addition of sand can significantly improve the durability of non-stabilized CEBs against water-mediated weathering. This may prove to be a benefit both for restoration projects and contemporary constructions with the use of CEBs.