Abstract
Uncontrolled urban growth causes a number of problems associated with land use, stormwater management and energy generation. Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems (SUDS) are positioned as an alternative to traditional constructive solutions, contributing towards the generation of multifunctional urban spaces for efficient stormwater management and energy consumption reduction. Nevertheless, this combined goal calls for a deeper understanding of the heat transfer processes that govern the temperature performance in SUDS in order to be further validated as infrastructure to house renewable energy elements. This study intends to determine the thermal properties of two types of blue roofs under extreme conditions of performance (wet and dry), depicting the operation features of their layers and comparing their performances based on the materials used. With this aim, a hybrid experimental methodology, combining laboratory and numerical modelling, was designed using standardized equipment (ISO 8990:1994 and ASTM C1363-05), improving previous methods proposed in the study of the thermal properties of SUDS. The section with expanded clay improved the hydraulic capacity by 4.8%. The section without expanded clay increased its thermal transmittance value by 64.9% under wet conditions. It was also found that the presence of water increased the equivalent thermal conductivity in both sections by 60%.
Highlights
Cities across the globe have seen their populations increase by up to 1.1 billion people [1]
This phenomenon poses present and future challenges such as the enhancement of water management in urban environments [3], the search for new renewable energy sources and the optimization of urban space [4]. The latter being identified as a key factor for sustainable development in consolidated urban areas [5]. These challenges are outlined in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) receiving special attention in Goal 11 related to sustainable cities and communities [6]
A new Design of Experiments (DOE) analysis was carried out using the thermal conductivities of each of the materials used in the standard sections of the blue roofs as input parameters
Summary
Cities across the globe have seen their populations increase by up to 1.1 billion people [1]. 2.5 billion inhabitants by 2050 [2] This phenomenon poses present and future challenges such as the enhancement of water management in urban environments [3], the search for new renewable energy sources and the optimization of urban space [4]. The latter being identified as a key factor for sustainable development in consolidated urban areas [5]. Air-conditioning and domestic hot water stand for 80% of the amount of energy consumed by a standard building [7], evidencing the need for the implementation of renewable energy systems within or adjacent to these urban structures
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