AN EXPEDIENT APPROACH TO TREAT ASTHMA THROUGH NON-STEROIDAL, NATURAL TRANSFEROSOMES AEROSOL SYSTEM

Abstract

Asthma is the most common respiratory disease, affecting an estimated 262 million people and resulting in 461,000 fatalities in 2019. The treatment is available on the market, but it is quite expensive, and it also has serious adverse effects due to the high concentration of steroids in the medicine. If given effectively, curcumin, formononetin, and matrine’s anti-inflammatory properties can play a significant role in treatment. To improve the chemical stability and therapeutic potential of these active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) in the respiratory tract, a transferosomes system was designed, which encapsulates the APIs inside its vesicular structure and delivers them selectively to the inflamed cells. The DPPC layer will allow for efficient penetration, whereas Tween-80 will aid in deformability and lower interfacial tension, resulting in a small Z-average diameter, allowing for efficient penetration between layers of cells. The APIs’ stability at alkaline pH (7.6) is ensured by the nano-vesicular structure, which significantly increases cellular antioxidant activity and ferric reducing antioxidant power values. On the RAW264.7 cell line, the formulation will be tested for anti-inflammatory activity. Nuclear factor kappa B, tumor necrosis factor, interleukin (IL)-1, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12, nitric oxide, and cyclooxygenase-2 are all reduced by curcumin, formononetin, and matrine. They also have an inhibitory effect on the MAPK signaling pathway, preventing extracellular signal-regulated kinase, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, and p38 from causing inflammation. This formulation can effectively treat asthma without the use of steroids, has no adverse effects, and is inexpensive.