Abstract
Uninterruptible power supplies (UPS), represented by lead-acid batteries, play an important role in various kinds of industries. They protect industrial technologies from being damaged by dangerous interruptions of an electric power supply. Advanced UPS monitoring performed by a complex battery management system (BMS) prevents the UPS from sustaining more serious damage due to its timely and accurate battery-fault detection based on voltage metering. This technique is very advanced and precise but also very expensive on a long-term basis. This article describes an experiment applying infrared thermographic measurements during a long term monitoring and fault detection in UPS. The assumption that the battery overheat implies its damaged state is the leading factor of our experiments. They are based on real measured data on various UPS battery sets and several statistical examinations confirming the high relevancy of the thermal features with mostly over 90% detection accuracy. Such a model can be used as a supplement for lead-acid battery based UPS monitoring to ensure their higher reliability under significantly lower maintenance costs.
Highlights
A typical large scale uninterruptible power supply usually consists of a higher number of elementary batteries connected in series strings or series-parallel groups
The target variable is represented by the fault indicating annotation that varies between two states: 0–1 to distinguish fault and failure free battery sets, and 1–6 to distinguish between all examined battery sets (Table 1)
The voltage vectors are of length 3 or 5 which depends on the observed battery set
Summary
A typical large scale uninterruptible power supply usually consists of a higher number of elementary batteries connected in series strings or series-parallel groups. The voltage of each battery is measured and the charging and discharging current of every battery in a string is controlled by balancers. In industrial purposed UPS, the lead-acid batteries are most frequently used due to their lower price and higher resistance to overcharge and deep discharge processes [2]. This implies a long payback period for any BMS application and most of the lead-acid based UPS are operated without battery management. Their charging process is controlled only by the measured battery voltage
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