An Examination of Psychological Variables Relevant to Artificial Tanning Tendencies

Abstract

Cognitions relevant to tanning salon decision making were studied using Jaccard's Theory of Alternative Behavior (J. Jaccard. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology1981; 17: 286-307). Questionnaires were administered assessing tanning salon use, attitudes toward tanning salon use, attitudes toward reasonable behavioral alternatives, and cognitive variables underlying these variables. Tanning salon use reports were very high in this sample. The results support the notion that young people make decisions regarding using tanning salons based on the behavioral alternatives available to them. Specifically, subjects with stronger preferences for using clothing to enhance appearance were less likely to use tanning salons. Furthermore, the multivariate approach used clearly delineates the specific cognitive beliefs and orientations that might be targeted to change these attitudes. The relevance of these findings to skin cancer prevention is discussed.