Abstract
Methylation in the bodies of active genes is common in animals and vascular plants. Evolutionary patterns indicate homeostatic functions for this type of methylation.
Highlights
Cytosine methylation is a covalent modification of DNA that is shared by plants, animals, and other eukaryotes [1]
Methylation in all contexts is located within transposable elements, which are nearly ubiquitously methylated in land plant genomes [1,2,3]
Gene body methylation In addition to transposons, DNA methylation frequently occurs in active plant genes [2, 3, 5]
Summary
Cytosine methylation is a covalent modification of DNA that is shared by plants, animals, and other eukaryotes [1]. Methylation prevents transposon expression and transposition and is, essential for plant genome integrity and transcriptional homeostasis [2, 3]. DNA methylation of transposons that are close to or within genes can affect gene expression, in most cases causing silencing [2, 4].
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