Abstract
In the past years, the interest in direct current to direct current converters has increased because of their application in renewable energy systems. Consequently, the research community is working on improving its efficiency in providing the required voltage to electronic devices with the lowest input current ripple. Recently, a hybrid converter which combines the boost and the Cuk converter in an interleaved manner has been introduced. The converter has the advantage of providing a relatively low input current ripple by a former strategy. However, it has been proposed to operate with dependent duty cycles, limiting its capacity to further decrease the input current ripple. Independent duty cycles can significantly reduce the input current ripple if the same voltage gain is achieved by an appropriate duty cycle combination. Nevertheless, finding the optimal duty cycle combination is not an easy task. Therefore, this article proposes a new pulse-width-modulation strategy for the hybrid interleaved boost-Cuk converter. The strategy includes the development of a novel mathematical model to describe the relationship between independent duty cycles and the input current ripple. The model is introduced to minimize the input current ripple by finding the optimal duty cycle combination using the differential evolution algorithm. It is shown that the proposed method further reduces the input current ripple for an operating range. Compared to the former strategy, the proposed method provides a more balanced power-sharing among converters.
Highlights
IntroductionThe electric and electronic devices usually require several voltage levels for their different components, dc-dc converters are electronic circuits that provide the required voltage to a certain component [1], such as a microprocessor in a computer, which requires a 1 V power supply and it is usually accompanied to a (direct current to direct current) dc-dc converter, to provide the required voltage level and power, the power converter for a microprocessor is usually dedicated since other digital circuits require different voltage levels, for example, 3.3 V or 5 V.We can define a dc-dc converter as a power-electronics-based circuit that can change (and regulate) the voltage level from input to output, in a wide variety of applications and levels, for example, from 3.3 V to 1 V for microprocessors, or from and from 12 V to 200 V, for photovoltaic panels applications.The interest for dc-dc converters has recently grown because of their application in other fields such as renewable energy generation systems, especially with photovoltaic panels and fuel cells, Mathematics 2020, 8, 1247; doi:10.3390/math8081247 www.mdpi.com/journal/mathematicsMathematics 2020, 8, x FOR PEER REVIEWThe interest for dc-dc converters has recently grown because of their application in other fields such as renewable energy generation systems, especially with photovoltaic panels and fuel cells, those energy sources, have a relatively low output voltage, in the range of 10 to 40 volts, while gridthose energy require sources, ahave a relatively low output in the range of 10 tocontain40 volts,both while tie inverters voltage in the range of 200voltage, V
Regarding the parameter configuration of the differential evolution (DE) method, the weighted factor F has been randomly selected from a uniform distribution within the range from 0.2 to 0.8, the recombination probability p is equal to 0.2, and the constant factor w is 10
The case study includes the parameters for a converter shown in Table 1, which can be considered as standard realistic data
Summary
The electric and electronic devices usually require several voltage levels for their different components, dc-dc converters are electronic circuits that provide the required voltage to a certain component [1], such as a microprocessor in a computer, which requires a 1 V power supply and it is usually accompanied to a (direct current to direct current) dc-dc converter, to provide the required voltage level and power, the power converter for a microprocessor is usually dedicated since other digital circuits require different voltage levels, for example, 3.3 V or 5 V.We can define a dc-dc converter as a power-electronics-based circuit that can change (and regulate) the voltage level from input to output, in a wide variety of applications and levels, for example, from 3.3 V to 1 V for microprocessors, or from and from 12 V to 200 V, for photovoltaic panels applications.The interest for dc-dc converters has recently grown because of their application in other fields such as renewable energy generation systems, especially with photovoltaic panels and fuel cells, Mathematics 2020, 8, 1247; doi:10.3390/math8081247 www.mdpi.com/journal/mathematicsMathematics 2020, 8, x FOR PEER REVIEWThe interest for dc-dc converters has recently grown because of their application in other fields such as renewable energy generation systems, especially with photovoltaic panels and fuel cells, those energy sources, have a relatively low output voltage, in the range of 10 to 40 volts, while gridthose energy require sources, ahave a relatively low output in the range of 10 tocontain40 volts,both while tie inverters voltage in the range of 200voltage, V. The interest for dc-dc converters has recently grown because of their application in other fields such as renewable energy generation systems, especially with photovoltaic panels and fuel cells, Mathematics 2020, 8, 1247; doi:10.3390/math8081247 www.mdpi.com/journal/mathematics. The interest for dc-dc converters has recently grown because of their application in other fields such as renewable energy generation systems, especially with photovoltaic panels and fuel cells, those energy sources, have a relatively low output voltage, in the range of 10 to 40 volts, while gridthose energy require sources, ahave a relatively low output in the range of 10 tocontain. Commercial solutions thegrid-tie dc-dc inverters require a voltage in the range of V. Commercial solutions contain both the dc-dc converter converter and the inverter in a single package. The research community is working to improve both and the inverter in aand single
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