Abstract
Abstract. This paper presents a novel method of unmanned aerial vehicle image processing using photogrammetric technique. The study area consist different slope class which involves undulating area around the Skudai area, Malaysia. All photogrammetric methods were applied in this study including selection of test area, flight planning, camera calibration and image processing orientation. A new ground control point configurations is introduced in this study as a generic approach in unmanned aerial vehicle photogrammetric block. These configurations are used to determine the best photogrammetric results based on number of ground control points in the photogrammetric block during image processing. The objective of this study is to determine the best configuration for photogrammetric block in order to produce the best photogrammetric products. Photogrammetric image processing involves two main orientations which are known as interior orientation and exterior orientation. Interior orientation involves the parameters of camera in order to calibrate the image in the same position as during the image acquisition. Exterior orientation involves the measurement of tie points to tie up all images in the strips until photogrammetric block. In this study, six ground control point configurations were tested to determine the best photogrammetric results. In this study, two main photogrammetric results were produced namely digital orthophoto and digital elevation model. The verification results show that all configurations recorded coefficient percentage of more than 97% accuracy for the six configurations. The validation results conclude that ground control point plays an important role in photogrammetric block to acquire the accurate photogrammetric results. In this study eight and nine ground control point configurations are the best configurations among the others. Qualitatively, vector plot error for easting and northing coordinates can be viewed graphically to distinguish the error and direction for all configurations which has been proposed in this study.
Highlights
Over the last few years, various achievements and improvements of the UAV systems has been done by numerous researchers from different disciplines
Exterior orientation involves image matching algorithm to tie up all image pairs at the study area
A novel methodology was discussed in this study where six digital orthophoto (DO) and digital elevation model (DEM) were successfully generated in this study based on six ground control points (GCPs) configurations
Summary
Over the last few years, various achievements and improvements of the UAV systems has been done by numerous researchers from different disciplines. UAV systems receive high demands in business, research institutes and industries since UAV is one of the simple and cheapest equipment in image acquisition. It can fly at low altitude and provides very high resolution image of the ground surface. UAV promised a low-cost flight mission alternative to the classical manned aircraft (Marzolff and Poesen, 2009). The quality of UAV image depends on the sensor type used to captures images on the ground surface. UAV requires less time in data acquisition stage and it reduces the cost of image acquisition compared with classical manned aircraft (Aber et al, 2010)
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