Abstract
Root canal sealers should have good wetting and adhesion with intraradicular dentin. This study evaluated the wetting and adhesion properties of three bioceramic root canal sealers on dentin using contact angle (CA) measurements and calculations based on the Owens–Wendt–Rabel–Kälble (OWRK) model and compared the properties with those of a resin sealer. Three bioceramic sealers (EndoSequence BC Sealer (BC); Endoseal MTA (EM); and MTA Fillapex (MF)) were tested, together with one epoxy resin-based sealer (AH Plus (AP)). Disc-shaped sealer specimens and human premolar teeth with flat and polished intraradicular dentin surfaces were prepared (n = 12). The CAs of two liquids (water and methylene iodide) were measured on the surfaces using the sessile drop method. The wetting and adhesion properties of the four sealers were calculated using the wetting envelope and isogram diagram, respectively. Group BC showed the best wettability among the four sealer groups. The best adhesion was achieved for group EM, followed by group BC, with a significant difference being present between the two groups (p < 0.05). The OWRK-based calculation indicated that the bioceramic BC and EM sealers showed superior wetting and adhesion properties to the AP sealers.
Highlights
A root canal sealer is indispensable during the root canal obturation procedure to accomplish a fluid-tight seal in the irregular root canal system
Of the various types of root canal sealers that have been developed for use in clinical practice, bioceramic sealers have recently attracted interest mainly because of their excellent physicochemical and biological properties [5,6,7,8]
The preliminary contact angle (CA) measurements indicated that none of except for the selected, BC sealer,except formed dome-shaped drop onathe dentin surfaces, indispensable the sealers forathe
Summary
A root canal sealer is indispensable during the root canal obturation procedure to accomplish a fluid-tight seal in the irregular root canal system. The use of a sealer with a thermoplastic core filling material (gutta-percha) is considered to be standard procedure in endodontic obturation [1]. An ideal sealer should offer appropriate physiochemical properties, such as a sufficient setting time, an excellent seal when set, insolubility against fluids, and biocompatibility [2,3,4]. Adequate flow and wetting are important properties of root canal sealers during root canal obturation for adequate binding between the root canal walls and the main root filling material, helping achieve a fluid-tight and bacteria-proof seal [2,9]. There is no standard method used to measure the adhesion of a sealer to the root dentin [11].
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