An evaluation of vascular anomalies and incidental findings in patients with Turner syndrome

Abstract

Summary Multiple thoracic vascular anomalies have been described in the setting of Turner syndrome. Careful evaluation of both venous and arterial anatomy in the chest is prudent when evaluating these cases. By highlighting the less commonly associated vascular malformations in Turner syndrome through key images, we intend to raise awareness and familiarity of these potentially clinically significant anomalies. We also hope to reinforce the importance of evaluating extra-cardiac structures to uncover the additional incidental but significant findings. Description of clinical presentation Prior studies have demonstrated a high prevalence of congenital cardiovascular malformations in Turner syndrome patients. Classic associations with bicuspid aortic valves and coarctation of the aorta are well known, but with the development of 3D MR angiography, additional vascular malformations have been highlighted. Patients with Turner syndrome have increased associations with aortic arch anomalies, including bovine arch configurations and aberrant right subclavian artery origins. Additionally, venous drainage malformations such as partial anomalous pulmonary venous return (PAPVR) and persistent left-sided superior vena cava (SVC) have been identified.