An Evaluation of the Properties of Urethane Dimethacrylate-Based Dental Resins.

Agata Szczesio-Wlodarczyk,Monika Domarecka,Karolina Kopacz,Karolina Kopacz,Jerzy Sokolowski,Kinga Bociong

doi:10.3390/ma14112727

Agata Szczesio-Wlodarczyk, Monika Domarecka + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14112727

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Abstract

Most of the dental materials available on the market are still based on traditional monomers such as bisphenol A-glycidyl methacrylate (Bis-GMA), urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA), triethyleneglycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA), and ethoxylated bisphenol-A dimethacrylate (Bis-EMA). The interactions that arise in the monomer mixture and the characteristics of the resulting polymer network are the most important factors, which define the final properties of dental materials. The use of three different monomers in proper proportions may create a strong polymer matrix. In this paper, fourteen resin materials, based on urethane dimethacrylate with different co-monomers such as Bis-GMA or Bis-EMA, were evaluated. TEGDMA was used as the diluting monomer. The flexural strength (FS), diametral tensile strength (DTS), and hardness (HV) were determined. The impacts of material composition on the water absorption and dissolution were evaluated as well. The highest FS was 89.5 MPa, while the lowest was 69.7 MPa. The median DTS for the tested materials was found to range from 20 to 30 MPa. The hardness of the tested materials ranged from 14 to 16 HV. UDMA/TEGDMA matrices were characterized by the highest adsorption values. The overall results indicated that changes in the materials’ properties are not strictly proportional to the material’s compositional changes. The matrices showed good properties when the composite contained an equal mixture of Bis-GMA/Bis-EMA and UDMA or the content of the UDMA monomer was higher.

Highlights

One of the most important dental achievements in the last century was the introduction of resin matrix composites as a restoration material [1,2]
The aim of the present study was to determine the flexural strength (FS), diametral tensile strength (DTS), and hardness (HV) of polymer matrices based on urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA) with triethyleneglycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA), bisphenol A-glycidyl methacrylate (Bis-GMA), and ethoxylated bisphenol-A dimethacrylate (Bis-EMA) as co-monomers
It is justified to conduct a broader evaluation of mechanical properties, which will determine the behavior of the material under challenging mechanical conditions

Summary

Introduction

One of the most important dental achievements in the last century was the introduction of resin matrix composites as a restoration material [1,2]. The organic matrix is typically based on dimethacrylate resins [3,4,5], while fillers primarily consist of silicon, quartz, borosilicates, zirconium, and aluminum oxides. Rear restorations (class I or II according to Black [7]) require composites that have good mechanical properties, while frontal restorations (classes IV and V) require excellent aesthetics. No dental composite that meets all these requirements has appeared on the market [2]. There is great interest in identifying dental composites with improved esthetics, and antibacterial, physical, and mechanical properties

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