Abstract
In 2009, the Federal Government of Nigeria granted Amnesty to ex-militants that haad been involved in armed violence in the Niger Delta. The implementation of various aspects of the Presidential Amnesty Programme (PAP) indicated that it offered ex-militants the opportunity to participate in the Disarmament, Demobilization and Reintegration (DDR) and post-amnesty trainings in on-shore and off-shore. The amnesty programme led to the withdrawal of weapons, de-escalation of violent conflict and restoration of relative peace and security, improved oil production as well as rehabilitation and reintegration of the ex-militants into normal societal life. The outcome of this study revealed that the amnesty programme was bedeviled with faulty foundation, lack of fund, corruption, none involvement of other stakeholders such as communities, oil companies and official armed agents. This rather intensified the struggle for community leadership between ex-militants and other community members in the post-amnesty era. As a way forward, the study recommends that government should endeavour to gain the goodwill and confidence of the people in the course of implementing the PAP in order to ensure a more successful and sustainable result.
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