An evaluation of the Irish Single Reactor Breakdown Protocol for 2005–2008 inclusive and its potential application as a monitor of tuberculin test performance

Abstract

Under the Irish Bovine Tuberculosis (bTB) Eradication Programme all herds are subjected to at least one test per annum. The Single Intra-dermal Comparative Tuberculin Test (SICTT) is used in Ireland for the detection of cattle infected with Mycobacterium bovis. There have been concerns regarding the specificity of the SICTT, notably by farmers, and particularly in herds where the detection of a single positive animal in the absence of an obvious source of (bTB) infection could be perceived as a “false” positive. To address this issue the so-called ‘Singleton Protocol’ was established as part of the Irish bTB eradication programme. This protocol allows for the early restoration of free trading status to herds where a single positive animal was detected and where the herd was not confirmed as infected with M. bovis by epidemiological investigation, by post mortem, by laboratory examination, or by further test. This paper presents data from the 2005 to 2008, inclusive, bTB programmes on the number of herds that were assessed, which qualified for inclusion under the ‘Singleton Protocol’ and the outcome for qualifying herds up to and including having status restored early as a consequence of inclusion in that programme. The outcome of this protocol reaffirms the reliability of the SICTT at current levels of infection. Furthermore it is advocated that the ‘Singleton Protocol’ be continued as a monitor of herds in which a single positive animal is disclosed, and as overall infection levels of bTB fall the outcome may be used as one means to assess progress towards bTB eradication in Ireland.