Abstract

T HESE CONTRIBUTIONS are linked by the question Is there a universal basis for the notion of literature? In varying degree, they suggest strategies for answering the question. These issues are in principle part of a general inquiry into the nature and organization of the means of speech in human communities, and their meanings to those who use them, an inquiry being pursued with increasing vigor by participants of many disciplines.' The ethnographic approach on which I shall draw is not as rich in known content as literary criticism, but it has an indispensable place, as I shall try to show. At the end I shall argue that literary criticism has in turn an indispensable place in ethnography. I shall begin and end with articles in alphabetical order of their authors' names, because, as it happens, these give me the frame within which I can consider the rest.

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