Abstract
Objective: Manifold plants are documented in the world, but arterial hypertension still an important public health challenge in both developing and developed countries. Therefore the objective of the study is to identify several herbal medicines used in the treatment of arterial hypertension in Cameroon. Methods: The survey was undertaken between 2003 and 2016 with the aim of establishing a new ethnopharmacological strategy for identifying potential antihypentive plants in Cameroon’s population. Three phytogeographic areas in which live 1131 randomly screened interviewees distributed in 58 socio-cultural groups were involved in this study. In the first phytogeographic area live 293 interviewers distributed in 16 socio-cultural groups. In the second live 277 interviewees distributed in 14 socio-cultural groups and in the third live 561 interviewees distributed in 23 socio-cultural groups. The survey was successfully achieved, using a cluster sampling procedure in each ethnic group. The potential anti arterial hypertensive plants were selected using an extended criterion of identification of suspected anti arterial hypertensive plants and suspected arterial hypertensive patients defined as follow: if a single plant is used to treat three signs, three symptoms and/or three complications of arterial hypertension, we considered it as an anti-arterial hypertensive plants and the person who presented these three signs, three symptoms and/or three complications is a suspected arterial hypertensive patient. Results: The observation of 24.39% of suspected arterial hypertensive patients relieved by traditional healers’ symptomatic treatments and 50% of recorded suspected anti arterial hypertensive plants that were confirmed by previous pharmacological studies, showed promising perspectives for the criterion used. Conclusion: The data provide evidence that potential anti arterial hypertensive plants are common in Cameroon more than usual anti arterial hypertensive species. They should serve as plants documented for the new anti-arterial hypertensive drugs discovery for the prevention and control of this disease worldwide.
Highlights
Arterial hypertension is the pathological increasing of blood pressure
The potential anti arterial hypertensive plants were select using an extended criterion of identification of anti-arterial hypertensive plants and suspected arterial hypertensive patients defined as follow: If a single plant is used to treat three signs, three symptoms and/or three complications of arterial hypertension, we considered it as an anti-arterial hypertensive plants and the person that presented these three signs, three symptoms and/or three complications is a suspected arterial hypertensive patient
Efficiency of extended diagnostic criterion of hypertension We discovered that ten of 41 suspected patients above (7 suspected arterial hypertensive patients and 3 suspected arterial hypertensive with diabetes patients), implying 24.39% were previously diagnosed in hospitals; where they were hospitalized at least one for arterial hypertension
Summary
Arterial hypertension is the pathological increasing of blood pressure. A person is hypertensive when systolic blood pressure is superior to 140 mmHg or when diastolic blood pressure is superior to 90 mmHg. For the American Heart Association blood pressure is less than 140 over 90 normal for adults. The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute lows the standard normal readings to less than 120 over less than 80 in 2003 [1,2]. Hypertension is a major health problem, especially because it is symptomless pathology. Numerous people have unconsciously raised blood pressure without knowing it [1]. About 80 million Americans’ adults live with hypertension [1]
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