Abstract
This paper presents a framework for research infrastructures enabling ethically sensitive and legally compliant data science in Europe. Our goal is to describe how to design and implement an open platform for big data social science, including, in particular, personal data. To this end, we discuss a number of infrastructural, organizational and methodological principles to be developed for a concrete implementation. These include not only systematically tools and methodologies that effectively enable both the empirical evaluation of the privacy risk and data transformations by using privacy-preserving approaches, but also the development of training materials (a massive open online course) and organizational instruments based on legal and ethical principles. This paper provides, by way of example, the implementation that was adopted within the context of the SoBigData Research Infrastructure.
Highlights
In the last years, we have witnessed different initiatives in Europe aimed at providing environments and infrastructures to share research data and technologies, in accordance with the principles of Open Research Data and Open Science
The only information that one can infer is that a specific user visited a city in a specific aggregated period, this could lead to privacy breaches
An adversary could understand that a given user went to Pisa during a specific weekend if: (a) the profiles that he was accessing are related to people in Pisa, and (b) he has enough information about the user call activity to allow the partial reconstruction of the profile
Summary
We have witnessed different initiatives in Europe aimed at providing environments and infrastructures to share research data and technologies, in accordance with the principles of Open Research Data and Open Science. We assume that a scientific discipline, a field of technology or an infrastructure in this field (of which SoBigData is a prime example), cannot be called “responsible” without a coherent account of a methodology or methodological framework, criteria, mechanisms and procedures for (1) systematically assessing the ethical and legal relevance of requirements, assumptions and ramifications at all levels and for all of its applications, (2) diligently designing for moral and value requirements, (3) promoting data use and data management (via e.g. suitable reputation systems) where accountability can be assigned To this end, we have implemented an ethical and legal framework in accordance with European legislations, including data protection and intellectual property right. Especially in the research field, the Regulation provides for a number of implementing acts by the Member States which researchers may have to consider in the event of processing personal data for their research.
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