Abstract
Quantum entanglement distribution is an essential part of quantum communication and computation protocols. Here, linear optic elements are employed for the distribution of quantum entanglement over a long distance. Polarization beam splitters and wave plates are used to realize an error-free protocol for broadcasting quantum entanglement in optical quantum communication. This protocol can determine the maximum distance of quantum communication without decoherence. Error detection and error correction are performed in the proposed scheme. In other words, if there is a bit flip along the quantum channel, the end stations (Alice and Bob) can detect this state change and obtain the correct state (entangled photon) at another port. Existing general error detection protocols are based on the quantum controlled-NOT (CNOT) or similar quantum logic operations, which are very difficult to implement experimentally. Here we present a feasible scheme for the implementation of entanglement distribution based on a linear optics element that does not need a quantum CNOT gate.
Highlights
Quantum entanglement distribution is an essential part of quantum communication and computation protocols
Wang et al [19] used an inspection and power insertion (IPI) technique to prolong the distance in Quantum key distribution (QKD)
The IPI is a useful choice to extend the distance in quantum communication protocols based on non-entangled sources
Summary
Understanding the nature of errors is the first step in protecting information against errors. The interesting point is that a generic continuous evolution has been rewritten in terms of a finite number of discrete transformations; with various amplitudes the state is either unaffected or undergoes a phase flip Z, a bit flip X or a combination of both, XZ This is possible because these operators form a basis for the linear operators in the Hilbert space of a single qubit. The case of the generic evolution of a qubit can be generalized to the situation of a larger quantum system (e.g. a register of qubits in a quantum computer) in some logical state ψ , interacting through some error process with an environment initially in state E Suppose this process is described by a unitary operator Uerr acting on the joint state of the system and the environment. On the basis of the type of error, proper selection of the linear optical element and adjustment of its position and angle in the photon transmission path can correct this error
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