An equivalent circuit model for battery thermal management system using phase change material and liquid cooling coupling

Abstract

Rapid and accurate prediction of change in battery temperature is crucial for the performance of battery and service life. This paper presents an equivalent circuit model (ECM) as the battery thermal management system (BTMS) using phase change material and a liquid cooling coupler. In addition, the model is based on an extended Kalman filter (EKF), which estimates the battery temperature in real-time without utilizing additional temperature sensors. Compared to free cooling, at an ambient temperature of 30 °C, the temperature of the battery decreases by 7.35 °C at the end of the 3C discharge rate, with a temperature difference of 1.70 °C. The model was tested experimentally at different discharge rates, inlet flow rates, and phase change material (PCM) thickness and found that the maximum deviation between predicted and experimental results is less than 5 %. The model has potential applications in real-time prediction of electrical and thermal signals in large battery packs and in analysis and optimization of thermal management systems.