Abstract
BackgroundTo examine the type, frequency, severity, and predictors of anemia and its relationship with co-morbid conditions among institutionalized people with intellectual and/or motor disability.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study at a public facility for people with intellectual and/or motor disability in Ibaraki prefecture, Japan. Health checkup data obtained in 2001 from 477 people with intellectual disability (male: 286, average age 40.6 ± 12.3; female: 191, average age 45.1 ± 11.6) were retrospectively reviewed.ResultsThe prevalence of anemia among male participants was higher than in female participants for each disability category (intellectual disability, 41.1%, 4.2%; cerebral palsy, 37.5%, 4.8%; Down's syndrome, 15.0%, 0%; severe motor and intellectual disabilities, 61.9%, 16.7%). Most participants with anemia (93.8 – 100%) showed a normocytic normochromic anemia pattern. Multivariate analysis revealed that factors related to an increase in frequency included sex (male), low body mass index (BMI), use of anticonvulsants or major tranquilizers, and a high zinc sulfate turbidity test (ZTT) value. No clinically diagnosed co-morbid condition was found to be related to the presence of anemia.ConclusionA high frequency of mild normocytic normochromic anemia in institutionalized people with intellectual and/or motor disability was observed, particularly among males. Medications and chronic inflammation may increase the risk of anemia.
Highlights
To examine the type, frequency, severity, and predictors of anemia and its relationship with co-morbid conditions among institutionalized people with intellectual and/or motor disability
The 1992 American Association on Mental Retardation's (AAMR) definition and classification of mental retardation differs from the previous classification system in that: (a) a single diagnostic code of mental retardation is used if the individual meets the three criteria of age of onset
The subjects in the present examination were not diagnosed according to the AAMR's criteria; upon admission to the facility, subjects were diagnosed according to criteria similar to that of the AAMR, namely, the criteria of intelligence quotient (IQ), activities of daily life (ADL) and adaptive skills
Summary
Frequency, severity, and predictors of anemia and its relationship with co-morbid conditions among institutionalized people with intellectual and/or motor disability. Many persons with intellectual disability in Japan lead a collective lifestyle at a public facility as a community. These facilities provide an adequate diet, occupational rehabilitation and periodic medical checkups [2] and are fairly accommodable to conducting epidemiologic research on people with intellectual disability. The accumulation of relevant findings on this subject is strongly required To this end, we conducted a cross-sectional study examining the type, frequency, severity, and predictors of anemia and its relationship with co-morbid conditions among institutionalized people with intellectual disability using blood profile tests conducted periodically at the facility
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