Abstract
OBJECTIVES:Investigations into the epidemiology of acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) are an essential strategic component of the Global Poliomyelitis Eradication Initiative of the World Health Organization (WHO), and are part of the certification process for polio eradication worldwide. This is an epidemiological report of AFP incidence in children less than 15 years old in southwest Iran.METHODS:This was a retrospective cohort study, carried out based on WHO guidelines, in which we reviewed non-polio AFP cases recorded from January 2006 to December 2010 in different regions of Khuzestan Province, southwest Iran. In this study, the records of all children under 15 years old with AFP were evaluated.RESULTS:During a 5-year period, 137 cases of AFP were reported (incidence rate, 2.21 per 100,000 children <15 years old). More than 50% (73 of 137) of the cases were boys, and 52.6% (72 of 137) were under 5 years of age, with a mean age of 5.39±3.98 years. The incidence of AFP was significantly higher in older children (p=0.001). The most common cause of paralysis was Guillain-Barré syndrome (117 of 137). None of the cases were diagnosed with acute poliomyelitis.CONCLUSIONS:In this study, we found that the incidence rate of AFP in the region was almost in agreement with the expected incidence of AFP in children less than 15 years old; therefore, the AFP surveillance program in Khuzestan Province is satisfactory in terms of reliability and effectiveness. Nevertheless, routine vaccination against polio and ensuring that patients with AFP receive follow-up are essential for eradicating polio.
Highlights
Poliomyelitis is a highly contagious viral disease caused by poliovirus
In accordance with the goals of the World Health Organization (WHO), a robust surveillance system for AFP reporting was established in Iran in 1991 [1,2]
Khuzestan Province is located in southwest Iran, and has a hot and dry climate
Summary
Poliomyelitis is a highly contagious viral disease caused by poliovirus. In 1988, the World Health Organization (WHO) implemented the Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) with the goal of eradicating polio worldwide. Received: Jun 22, 2016, Accepted: Jul 19, 2016, Published: Jul 19, 2016 This article is available from: http://e-epih.org/. Flaccid paralysis (AFP) is a key strategic component of the GPEI. In accordance with the goals of the WHO, a robust surveillance system for AFP reporting was established in Iran in 1991 [1,2]. AFP is a clinical syndrome that can be caused by a wide range of etiologies. Since AFP surveillance is a basic strategic component of polio eradication campaigns, it is an important responsibility of the public health system in most countries. AFP surveillance programs can be helpful in identifying high-risk areas or groups and in monitoring the status of polio in each geographical region [3,4]
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