An enzyme-coupled microplate assay for activity and inhibition of hmdUMP hydrolysis by DNPH1

Abstract

2ʹ-Deoxynucleoside 5ʹ-monophosphate N-glycosidase 1 (DNPH1) hydrolyzes the epigenetically modified nucleotide 5-hydroxymethyl 2ʹ-deoxyuridine 5ʹ-monophosphate (hmdUMP) derived from DNA metabolism. Published assays of DNPH1 activity are low throughput, use high concentrations of DNPH1, and have not incorporated or characterized reactivity with the natural substrate. We describe the enzymatic synthesis of hmdUMP from commercially available materials and define its steady-state kinetics with DNPH1 using a sensitive, two-pathway enzyme coupled assay. This continuous absorbance-based assay works in 96-well plate format using nearly 500-fold less DNPH1 than previous methods. With a Z prime value of 0.92, the assay is suitable for high-throughput assays, screening of DNPH1 inhibitors, or characterization of other deoxynucleotide monophosphate hydrolases.