Abstract
Arsenic contamination of water is a worldwide issue due to its severe effects on the human body. Coffee grounds are a porous material with network structures, making it absorb other substances such as some gases or elements. In this research, renewable coffee wastes were used as an adsorbent to extract arsenic (As) from wastewater. In order to evaluate the usefulness of untreated coffee grounds, a series of preliminary tests for attachment of arsenic to coffee grounds were provided. The Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area and adsorption–desorption isotherms of an untreated coffee ground obtained from N2 gas adsorption were provided, and pore sizes was obtained using Barrett–Joyner–Halenda (BJH) method. The adsorption capacities of the coffee waste were verified through a series of experimental processes changing the conditions such as concentration of arsenic, initial amount of coffee grounds, and pH. The maximum absorption concentration of 6.44 mg/L on 1 g of coffee grounds at 1.00 mM of arsenic solution was observed. It was demonstrated that the modification by the cation species or pretreatment processes, such as calcination, will be necessary to enhance the absorption capacity for the extraction of arsenic.
Highlights
Water contamination occurred from the industrialization and urbanization has posed large social and environmental problems [1,2,3,4,5]
Large medium pore radius was observed in the coffee grounds
Those values indicated that the coffee grounds had a low porosity structure, or were filled with other substances that were not eliminated
Summary
Water contamination occurred from the industrialization and urbanization has posed large social and environmental problems [1,2,3,4,5]. Various suggested methods to treat the heavy metal elements from the wastewater have been proposed—such as chemical precipitation, absorption, coagulation, ion exchange, and membrane filtration [13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20]—but no best method has not been proposed until now. Among those possible techniques, an adsorption method using the biomass such as coffee and algae has been considered as one of the promising methods for the removal of heavy metals from wastewater [21,22,23,24,25]
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