An Environment Friendly Energy-Saving Dispatch Using Mixed Integer Linear Programming Relaxation in the Smart Grid with Renewable Energy Sources

Abstract

Electrical energy demand has risen over the world which results in developmentof smart grid. Smart grid has identified the areas that requiresimprovement. Because of the focus on cost-effective operation as well asenvironmental concerns in the electrical power system, the complexity ofthe optimization function has increased. In this study, a new energy-saving dispatch model is developed, which takes into account renewable energysources in the smart grid as well as dynamic generation-load interaction.Moreover, the active demand response idea is employed for interruptibleloads during peak demand. During off-peak load periods and compensatingloads, the proposed energy-saving dispatch system operates on a bi-leveldispatch system. Lower level dispatch works with four dispatch functionssuch as interruptible load cost, compensation load cost, renewable energysource cost, and emission saving cost. Whereas, upper level dispatch dealswith cost functions for operation and emission. Renewable energy sources arerepresented as a generating unit as well as a load based on usage in this work.Linear programming relaxation and mixed integer linear programming relaxationmethodologies are used to solve the constrained optimization problem.The outcomes of the experiments were compared with existing methodologiessuch as the classic NSGA-II and the improved NSGA-II. Furthermore,the algorithm’s time complexity was examined. The proposed solution hasbeen implemented using the IEEE-30 bus standard. The performance resultsdemonstrate considerable reductions in operating costs as well as reductionsin emissions.